摘 要

我国近几年经济正快速发展，可是，我国农村地区的资金供需问题日益突出，正严重制约着我国农村，农业以及涉农企业的快速发展。龙头涉农企业由于内部设备完善，同时信誉程度良好，资金周转能力强，所以一些大型的金融机构能够接受他们贷款或融资的要求，可是中小涉农企业，内部设施和制度都不完善，缺乏应对突发风险的能力和经验，而且银行和企业之间没有建立良好的关系，所以很难从银行等金融机构那里得到资金。

本文通过对32家涉农上市公司的筹资数据进行分析，从企业自身，金融机构和政府部门三个方面得出涉农企业融资困难的原因，农产品季节性极强，且不易保存，所以风险性极大，大型金融机构就不愿接受企业融资要求，而小型金融机构又不能满足涉农企业的资金需求。

通过结合涉农公司财务报表，融资难问题的原因，从企业自身，金融机构和政府部门三个方面得出如何解决涉农企业融资难问题的对策。首先，企业自身应加强建设，建立完善的财务制度，提高企业管理水平，注重人才培养。然后，政府应尽快出台有利于涉农企业资金需要的制度与规范，对涉农企业给予各种支持，规范与发展民间金融。最后，金融机构应该多多支持涉农企业，帮助企业提高自身信用等级，建立良好的银企关系。

关键词：涉农企业;融资难原因;对策研究

Study on China's agricultural enterprises financing problems and Countermeasures

- 32 agricultural listing Corporation financing based on data

Abstract

In our country in recent years, the economy is developing fast, but the supply and demand of funds in rural areas in China have become increasingly prominent, is seriously restricting China's rural, agriculture and agriculture related enterprises rapid development. Leading agricultural enterprises due to the internal equipment is perfect, and good reputation degree, strong cash flow ability, so some of the largest financial institutions can accept their loans or financing requirements, but small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises, internal facilities and systems are not perfect, lack of skill and experience in coping with risk and between the bank and the enterprise did not establish a good relationship, so it is difficult to from banks and other financial institutions funding.

Based on 32 agricultural listed companies financing data analysis, from the enterprise itself, the three aspects of financial institutions and government departments that agricultural enterprises financing difficult reason, seasonal agricultural products is extremely strong, and is not easy to save, so risk greatly, large financial institutions is unwilling to accept the enterprise financing requirements, and small financial institutions can not meet the funding needs of agribusiness.

Through the combination of the agriculture related financial statements of the company, the problem of financing, from the enterprise itself, the three aspects of financial institutions and government departments that how to solve the financing problems of agriculture enterprise financing countermeasures. First of all, enterprises should strengthen their own construction, establish a sound financial system, improve the level of enterprise management, pay attention to personnel training. Then, the government should as soon as possible in favor of agriculture related enterprise funds to institutions and norms, and of the agricultural enterprise to give all kinds of support, to standardize and develop private finance. Finally, financial institutions should be a lot of support agriculture related enterprises and help enterprises to improve their credit rating, to establish a good relationship between banks and enterprises.

Key words: agricultural enterprises; financing reason; countermeasure research

目 录

1绪论........................................................................1

1.1研究背景.................................................................1

1.2研究目的和意义...........................................................1

1.3国内外研究综述...........................................................2

1.3.1国内研究综述.........................................................2

1.3.2国外研究综述.........................................................6

1.3.3国内外研究述评.......................................................6

1.4研究内容和研究方法.......................................................7

1.4.1研究内容.............................................................7

1.4.2研究方法.............................................................7

1.5本文的创新之处...........................................................7

2我国涉农企业融资状况分析....................................................8

2.1我国涉农企业的特征.......................................................8

2.2我国涉农企业资金需求状况.................................................8

2.3影响我国涉农企业融资的因素...............................................8

2.4我国涉农企业融资环境和融资渠道...........................................8

2.5我国涉农企业融资现状....................................................15

2.5.1农业龙头企业........................................................16

2.5.2种业龙头企业........................................................20

2.5.3养殖业龙头企业......................................................22