摘 要

“三农”的发展离不开土地的支撑作用，土地在其中承担着多种职能。土地流转区域间差距大，情况复杂，涉及面广，关联要素多，土地流转可以说是系统工程，需要全面、综合、系统的数据测算评估，统筹多种因素，兼顾多重目标，实现稳步有序推进。而随着经济的发展以及农户思想的改变，近年来农村土地流转的规模以及速度不断地上升，流转的模式多种多样。而近年来出现了很多大规模的土地流转模式，这些模式的产生都具有一定的背景，因此研究这些土地流转模式的差异以及影响农户选择这些模式的因素，不仅有利于江苏省农村土地流转的有序进行，而且也能促进现代农业的发展。

本文利用农业部《中国农业发展报告》《中国农业年鉴》数据、《江苏省统计年鉴》、“江苏省第三次农业普查数据”等多种统计数据，对江苏省苏南、苏中、苏北三地农村土地流转的模式进行了分析，发现了江苏省目前土地流转的四种模式，分别为：农户与农户、农户与农业大户、农户与工商企业、农户农业专业合作社。

通过研究这些模式发展的现状，发现，由于江苏省不同区域间的经济差异，不同地区对于土地流转模式的选择也有一定的差异。苏南地区人多地少，但是非农就业机会多，因此土地流转大多是流转到农村合作社然后统一经营；苏北地区相对人少地多，平地相对平整，土地流转更多的由政府主导来集中连片经营；苏中地区经济发展水平和人地水平发展适中，土地有统一流转到农村合作社，也有流转给有较多需要的农业经营的农户，以经营家庭农场模式为主。

接着通过对常熟市李袁村、扬州市真武村以及宿迁市朱瓦村的比较分析，发现由于他们所处区位不同，土地流转的速度、流转的主体以及价格也会有所不同，同时也发现，人力资本、基础设施、社会环境、农村市场以及生产环境等因素会影响着农户的土地流转。

最后，根据上面的研究成果，提出今后完善土地流转、推进土地规模流转的建议，包括：（1）依托农民专业合作社促进农地流转、增加农民收入；（2）创造更多的非农就业机会，推进农村剩余劳动力的转移；（3）创新农村金融服务；（4）加强法制建设，引导土地流转规范化、有序化发展；（5）完善农村社会保障制度,减轻农民对土地的生存依赖

关键词：土地流转；区域差异；影响因素；农业经营模式

A Comparative study on the difference of Rural Land Circulation in Jiangsu Province

-based on village cases

ABSTRACT

Land plays a fundamental role in the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Land circulation has a large regional gap, complex situation, wide coverage, and many related elements. It can be said that land circulation is a system engineering that requires comprehensive, systematic data calculation and evaluation, as well as overall planning of various factors and taking into account multiple objectives. Steady and orderly progress has been achieved. With the development of economy and the change of farmers' thoughts, the scale and speed of rural land circulation have been increasing in recent years. In recent years, there have been a lot of large-scale land transfer models, these models have a certain background, so the study of these modelsThe difference of land circulation modes and the factors influencing farmers' choice of these models are not only conducive to the orderly development of rural land circulation, but also can promote the development of modern agriculture.

Based on the rural social survey, this paper makes use of the data from the Central Policy Research Office and the Ministry of Agriculture "National fixed observation Point of Agriculture Survey". The Ministry of Agriculture, the China Agricultural Development report, the China Agricultural Yearbook, the Jiangsu Statistical Yearbook, the third Agricultural Census of Jiangsu Province, and other statistical data. Based on the analysis of the patterns of rural land circulation in northern Jiangsu Province, four models of land circulation in Jiangsu Province are found: farmers and farmers, farmers and large agricultural households, farmers and industrial and commercial enterprises, and farmers' specialized agricultural cooperatives.

By studying the current situation of the development of these models, it is found that due to the economic differences among different regions in Jiangsu Province, there are certain differences in the choice of land transfer modes in different regions. Southern Jiangsu has a large population and few land, but there are many non-agricultural employment opportunities. Therefore, land circulation is mostly transferred to rural cooperatives and managed in a unified manner. In northern Jiangsu, relatively few people have more land, and the flat land is relatively flat. Land circulation is more centralized by the government; the level of economic development and the level of human and land development in the central Jiangsu region are moderate. The land has been transferred to the rural co-operatives in a unified way, and there is also the circulation to farmers who have more needs for agricultural management. To run a family farmLord.

Then through the comparative analysis of Li Yuan Village in Changshu City, Zhenwu Village in Yangzhou City and Zhu WA Village in Suqian City, it is found that because of their different location, the speed of land circulation, the main body and the price of the circulation will also be different. At the same time, it is also found that, Human capital, infrastructure, social environment, rural market and production environment will affect the land circulation of farmers.

Finally, according to the above research results, the suggestions of improving land circulation and promoting the land scale circulation are proposed in the future, including: (1) relying on Farmers' professional cooperatives to promote rural land circulation and increase farmers' income; (2) create more non-agricultural employment opportunities, promote the transfer of rural surplus labor force; (3) innovation of rural financial services; (4) strengthen the law In order to guide the land transfer standardization and orderly development, (5) improve the rural social security system, and reduce the farmers' dependence on the survival of the land.

KEY WORDS: Transfer Of Land Rights; Regional Differences;Influence Factor;Managerial Mode Of Agriculture.

目 录