摘 要

随着我国经济的快速增长，城市化进程不断推进，人民生活水平日益提升，城市生活垃圾产生量急剧增加。很多地区并没有配套的城市生活垃圾处理措施。生活垃圾处理不当会造成资源浪费以及各种污染问题，严重影响居民生活水平，阻碍城市可持续发展。怎样正确处理城市生活垃圾，已经成为政府、人民必须面对的社会问题。垃圾分类是对垃圾分类投放，分类收集，分类运输和分类处理，由此实现垃圾的减量化，无害化和资源化。目前国外已有很多国家率先实行垃圾分类政策，并取得不错的成效。经验表明垃圾分类是解决城市垃圾问题的关键，可以产生很大的经济效益和生态效益。国内也已开始进行垃圾分类试点工作，实行垃圾分类，促使垃圾减量化，无害化，资源化已然成为大势所趋。

南京市于2011年开展垃圾分类试点工作，本文主要采用文献查阅法，实地访谈，问卷调查等形式，对生活垃圾分类政策试点以及非试点小区进行实地调查，运用Excel、Eviews等统计分析工具对调查结果进行统计分析，深入了解南京市生活垃圾分类的现状以及存在的主要问题，结合国外先进经验以及南京市生活垃圾分类具体实施情况，提出可操作性强，具有针对性的建议对策，力求为推动南京市生活垃圾分类工作的顺利进行贡献出一点绵薄之力。

关键词：南京市；生活垃圾；垃圾分类；问卷调查；实地访谈

RESEARCH ON MANAGEMENT OF PROBLEMS OFCLASSIFIED LIVING GARBAGE IN NANJING CITY

ABSTRACT

With the rapid growth of the economy, the urbanization process advances further,people’s living standard has been constantly rising,and the output of the household garbage increases sharply.But at the same time, there are no matched measures to deal with the garbage in the majority cities which has caused various pollution problems and the waste of resources.It has brought seriously bad influence in people’s daily life and blocked the city’s sustainable development.How to deal with the city’s household garbage correctly has been a social problem that the government and people must face.Garbage classification is to throw the garbage after classify the garbage ,collect the garbage after classify the garbage,transport the garbage after classify the garbage and then deal with the garbage after classify the garbage for the sake of reducing the output of the garbage,make the garbage more harmless and more recycling.At present,lots of foreign countries have taken lead in the garbage classification and make a lot of achievements.The successful experience has shown that garbage classification is the key to solve the cites’ garbage problems which can bring the city huge economic benefits and ecological benefits.China has conducted the garbage classification pilot work.To classify the household garbage ,make the garbage more reduced、harmless and recycling is an irresistable trend.

The Nanjing city has conducted garbage classification pilot work since 2011.This article mainly uses a variety of methods including literature consultion,field interview and the questionnaire survey to investigate the garbage classification in the pilot area and other community,utilize some statistical tools including Excel and Eviews to analyze the information in order to have a deep insight in the current situation and troubles in the process of garbage classification,and then put forward some targeted and feasible suggestion in combination with the advanced foreign experience and the specific situation in the garbage classification work in Nanjing.Try our best to do some beneficial work to help the garbage classification work in Nanjing.

Key words: The Nanjing city; Household garbage; Garbage classification; Questionnaire survey; Field interview

目录

1前言......................................................................1

1.1研究背景............................................................1

1.2研究意义............................................................1

1.3研究目的与内容......................................................2

1.3.1研究目的.......................................................2

1.3.2研究内容.......................................................2

1.4研究范围............................................................3

1.5研究方法与技术路线..................................................3

2国内外垃圾分类的研究与实践................................................5

2.1发达国家垃圾分类现状................................................5

2.1.1发达国家垃圾分类立法...........................................5

2.1.2发达国家垃圾分类回收措施.......................................5

2.2我国的垃圾分类研究..................................................6

2.3述评................................................................7

3南京市垃圾分类管理现状....................................................9

3.1南京市垃圾分类管理现状..............................................9

3.1.1管理机构设置...................................................9

3.1.2规章制度建设...................................................9

3.1.3管理内容.......................................................10

3.2南京市生活垃圾分类管理成效..........................................11

3.3南京市生活垃圾分类存在的问题........................................12

4实证分析..................................................................13

4.1调查设计与实践......................................................13