少数民族地区农业技术推广现状及发展对策研究

——基于广西省的调查

摘□要

农业技术推广是现代农业和农村发展的有力保障，农业技术推广作为科研教育与农民、政府和农民之间联系的重要桥梁和纽带，在农业的发展中起着至关重要的作用。在我国，少数民族地区幅员辽阔，包括五个自治区，30个自治州和120个民族自治县，国土面积为612万平方公里，占我国的大半壁江山。同时，由于自然因素、人文因素等的制约使得少数民族地区经济发展相对落后，较为贫困。因此，民族地区的经济发展问题就显得尤为重要。

本文通过对少数民族地区的农业技术推广进行研究，同时借鉴国内农业发展较为快速地区的农业技术推广的理论和经验，并结合我国少数民族地区的基本情况，对如何进一步提高少数民族地区的农业技术推广进行探索，使推广工作得以顺利实施和开展，从而促进少数民族地区的农业和农村经济发展。从中了解农业技术推广过程中存在以下问题：机构不合理、推广人员整体素质偏低；推广经费不足、基础设施较差；管理体制不完善；农业劳动者素质较低、思想较为守旧；运行机制不完善。并针对这些问题并提出以下对策：（1）加强政府的财政力度，拓宽农技推广资金渠道；（2）理顺农技推广机构管理体制；（3）运用科学方法核定编制；（4）明确各个推广机构的工作职能；（5）创新推广理念，加强少数民族地区科技人员的培养；（6）加大少数民族地区吸引人才的力度；（7）转换工作思路，树立“以农民为本”的推广理念。

关键词：少数民族地区；农业技术推广 ；问题；对策

The present situation and development countermeasure research of agricultural technology popularization in ethnic minority areas

——Based on the survey in Guangxi

ABSTRACT

Agricultural technology popularization is a powerful guarantee of modern agricultural and rural development, agricultural technology promotion as a scientific research and education and farmers, contact the important bridge and the link between the government and farmers, in plays an important role in the development of agriculture. In our country, the vast minority nationality region, including five autonomous regions, 30 autonomous prefectures and 120 ethnic autonomous county, land area of 612 square kilometers, accounting for a big half of our country. At the same time, due to the restriction of natural factors and human factors make minority areas are relatively backward economic development, poorer. So, the problem of the economic development of ethnic minority areas is particularly important.

This article through to the minority areas of agricultural technology promotion, at the same time, draw lessons from the domestic agricultural development is rapid and agriculture technology popularization theory and experience, and combining the basic condition of the ethnic minority areas in China, on how to further improve the minority areas of agro-technical popularization to explore, to implement and carry out promotion, to promote agricultural and rural economic development in national minority areas. Learn about the following problems in the process of agro-technical popularization, unreasonable institutions, promoting personnel overall quality is low; Lack of funding, poor infrastructure; Management system is imperfect; The agricultural laborer quality is low, thought more traditional; Operation mechanism is not perfect. And to solve these problems and put forward the following countermeasures: (1) strengthen the government's financial strength, broadening the channels for agro-technique extension funds; (2) the smooth agro-technique extension organization management system; Preparation of (3) using the scientific method for approval, (4) clear body promoting the various job functions; (5) innovation promotion idea, strengthening the cultivation of the minority areas of science and technology personnel; (6) increasing the magnitude of the ethnic minority areas to attract talent; (7) working ideas, set up "to the farmers for this" promotion concept.

Key word Ethnic minority areas; Agricultural technology popularization; Problem；Countermeasures

1绪论 1

1.1选题背景 1

1.2研究目的和意义 1

1.3研究内容 2

1.4研究方法 2

1.5国内外研究综述 2

1.5.1国外研究综述 2

1.5.2国内研究综述 3

1.6农业技术推广概念 4

2 少数民族地区农业技术推广概况 4

2.1机构设置情况 4